Today in History (February 23^rd, 1947)

On this day, the Establishment of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) took place. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international nongovernmental organization made up of national standards bodies.

Let’s revise

A) Find the correct statement about Majuli.

1. It is a tiger in West Bengal
2. It is a river island in Assam
3. It is a elephant reserve
4. It is a river in Assam

Ans. (b)

B) 73^rd Constitutional Amendment is associated with____

1. Free and compulsory education for children
2. Free education for girls
3. Establishment of local urban governments
4. Establishment of local rural governments

Ans. (d)

C) The 73^rd amendment took came into effect in which year?

1. 1993
2. 1998
3. 1994
4. 1995

Ans. (a)

D) The Ministry of Panchayati Raj was constituted in which year?

1. 1992
2. 1993
3. 2004
4. 2005

Ans. (c)

E) The riverine areas (island) of the river Brahmaputra, locally known as _________

1. Char/Chapori
2. Bilvila
3. Chandrakara
4. None of the above

Ans. (a)

F) ________is the world’s largest river island and it attracts tourists from all over the world. It is an island in the Brahmaputra River. Fill in the blank.

1. Jhapuli
2. Majuli
3. Phumdis
4. Eskimos

Ans. (b)

G) India’s anti-satellite (ASAT) test has made it the fourth country to have a demonstrated ASAT capability. Which are the other three countries?

1. United States, Russia, and China
2. Russia, United States and Britain
3. Russia, United States and Japan
4. Japan, Russia, China

Ans. (a)

H) ‘Mission Shakti’ is the India’s first ever____

1. Biological weapon test
2. Anti Satellite weapon test
3. Chemical weapon test
4. Anti Tank Missile

Ans. (b)

Summary of Today’s News

Enforcement Directorate issues seventh summons to Kejriwal

Key Points

• TheDirectorate of Enforcement (ED) is a multi-disciplinary organization.
• It has been mandated with investigation of offences ofmoney laundering and violations of foreign exchange laws.

• It functions under the Department of Revenue of the Ministry of Finance.

• As a premier financial investigation agency, it functions in strict compliance with the Constitution and other laws of India.
• It was established in the year 1956 as an ‘Enforcement Unit’.
• In 1957, this ‘Enforcement Unit’ was renamed as ‘Enforcement Directorate’.
• Its Powers and Functions:
  • ED is responsible for enforcement of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA), Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 and certain provisions under the PMLA 2002.
  • ED has the power to attach the asset of the culprits found guilty of the violation of FEMA.
  • It has also been empowered to undertake, search, seizure, arrest, prosecution action, and survey, etc. against the offences committed under PMLA.

The Structure of ED

• The Directorate of Enforcement, with its headquarters at New Delhi, is headed by the Director of Enforcement.
• There are five regional offices (headed by Special Directors of Enforcement) at
  • Mumbai,
  • Chennai,
  • Chandigarh,
  • Kolkata
• The Directorate has 10 Zonal offices.

Right to adopt children is not a fundamental right within Article 21: Delhi High Court

Some conditions for adoption of child

• Married couple need consent of both spouses
• Single female can adopt a child of any gender
• Single male shall not adopt a girl child.
• The 2022 Regulations are issued under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act or JJ Act of 2015.

Key Points About JJ Act 2015

• JJ Act, 2015 is a secular Act that governs adoption of an orphan / abandoned / surrendered child.
• It establishes Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) under Ministry of Women & Child Development
  • CARA is the nodal body to monitor and regulate in-country and inter-country adoptions of Indian children.

Article 142 of the Constitution

• Supreme Court (SC) using Article 142 quashed Chandigarh’s Mayor Election.
• Article 142 Empowers SC to pass a decree or order for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it.
• Such decree or order is enforceable throughout India in such manner as may be prescribed by any law made by Parliament (or by President’s order until such provision is made).
• Also Subject to such law, SC has power to make any order to secure attendance of any person, discovery or production of any documents, investigation or punishment of any contempt of itself.

T-50

• The longest transportation tunnel of the country opened on the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) known as T-50.
• The tunnel is 12.77 km long.
• India’s longest transportation railway tunnel is now open!
• It falls between the Khari-Sumber section.