Today in History (October 5^th, 1994)

October 5th is World Teachers’ Day, which was proclaimed by UNESCO in 1994.

Let’s Revise

A) What is the age limit for PM Internship scheme?

1. 18 to 21
2. 21 to 28
3. 21 to 24
4. 18 to 25

Answer: 3)
Rationale: The age limit for eligible youth for PM Internship scheme is 21 to 24 years.

B) Which is the nodal ministry to implement the PM Internship scheme?

1. Ministry of Home Affairs
2. Ministry of Finance
3. Ministry of Corporate Affairs
4. Ministry of labour

Answer: 3)
Rationale: Ministry of Corporate Affairs is the nodal body to implement the PM Internship scheme.

C) Which one Article of the Indian Constitution is related with the Prohibition of discrimination based on caste?
19
22
21
15
Answer: 4)
Rationale: The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them. No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition.

D) Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act was enacted in the year of _____

1. 2015
2. 2013
3. 2020
4. 1980

Answer: 2)
Rationale: Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act was enacted in the year of 2013.

E) The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) of 2023 has which section for rape?

1. 375
2. 376
3. 63
4. 78

Answer: 3)
Rationale: The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) of 2023 replaced Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) with Section 63, which defines rape. The main difference between the two sections is that Exception 2 of the BNS states that sexual acts between a man and his wife who is not under 18 years of age is not rape. Previously, the IPC’s Exception 2 stated that sexual acts between a man and his wife who was not under 15 years of age was not rape.

Summary of Today’s News

Five New classical languages in India

• Approval of Classical Language Status: The Union Cabinet has granted classical language status to
• Marathi has Devnagri script
• Bengali, Kutilalipi of Brahmi script,
• Assamese, Bengali–Assamese script, also known as the Eastern Nagari script.
• Pali, Brahmi: An ancient script used to write many Indian languages, including Pali
• Kharo: An ancient Indian script used to write Pali
• Thai: A script used to write Pali
• Lao: A script used to write Pali
• Roman: A script used to write Pali in the West
• Prakrit is written in Brahmi and Kharoshthi
• Historical Context: The demand for classical status for Marathi has been ongoing since 2013. The approval comes ahead of Maharashtra’s Assembly elections.
• Bengali’s status is announced during Durga Puja, a significant festival in West Bengal.
• Prime Minister’s Reaction: PM Modi congratulated the speakers of the newly designated languages, highlighting the cultural contributions of Marathi and Bengali.

Classical Language Status Criteria:
• The recognition of a classical language is based on criteria established by a Linguistic Experts Committee.
the following revised benchmarks must be met for a language to be considered “classical”:
• High antiquity of (its) is early texts/recorded history over a period of 1500- 2000 years.
• A body of ancient literature/texts, which is considered a heritage by generations of speakers.
• Knowledge texts, especially prose texts in addition to poetry, epigraphical and inscriptional evidence.
• The Classical Languages and literature could be distinct from its current form or could be discontinuous with later forms of its offshoots.

Other Recognised Classical Languages are:

• Tamil ( 2004), its script is Tamil-Brahmi or “Tamili script”
• Sanskrit (2005), its script is Devnagri
• Telugu( 2008), its script is Telugu Script
• Kannada (2008), its script is Brahmi script
• Malayalam( 2013) and Brahmi/malyali
• Odia (2014) its script is Odia script (also known as the Kalinga script)

Benefits of Classical Language Status
• Once a language is designated as classical, the Ministry of Education provides various benefits to promote it, including:
• Two major international awards annually for scholars of eminence in the language.
• Establishment of a Centre of Excellence for Studies in the Classical Language.
• Requesting the University Grants Commission (UGC) to create Professional Chairs in Central Universities dedicated to the classical language.