{"id":2415,"date":"2024-07-03T10:44:07","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T10:44:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawentranceindia.com\/blogs\/?p=2415"},"modified":"2024-07-03T10:52:06","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T10:52:06","slug":"mlc-daily-current-affairs-03-july-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lawentranceindia.com\/blogs\/mlc-daily-current-affairs-03-july-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"MLC Daily Current Affairs – 03 July 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today in History (July 3rd<\/sup>, 1908)<\/h1>\n

On July 3rd, 1908, Bal Gangadhar Tilak was arrested for sedition by the British. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, born Keshav Gangadhar Tilak and popularly known as Lokmanya Tilak, was a popular Indian nationalist and Independence activist who was one of the first popular leaders of the freedom movement.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s revise<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

A) Who was the founder of Narmda Bachao movement?
\nAns. Medha Patkar<\/p>\n

B) The first synchronous census was taken under British rule in ______ by W.C. Plowden (Census Commissioner of India).
\nAns. 1881<\/p>\n

C) The census year of ______ is called the year of \u201cThe Great Divide\u201d in the demographic history of India.
\nAns. 1921<\/p>\n

D) The first census of independent India was done in the year of ____
\nAns. 1951<\/p>\n

E) The latest full census available was done in the year of _____
\nAns. 2011<\/p>\n

F) \u2018K\u2019 shaped economic growth is _______
\nAns. Increasing Inequality<\/p>\n

G) How many quarters are there in Indian financial year?
\nAns. Four<\/p>\n

H) Which country will host men\u2019s Junior Hockey World Cup in 2025?
\nAns. India<\/p>\n

I) Which former Indian cricketer was appointed as the ambassador of ICC Men\u2019s T20 World Cup 2024?
\nAns. Yuvraj<\/p>\n

Summary of Today’s News<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The legal justice system and Generative Artificial Intelligence<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u2022 Generative AI a powerful force to revolutionise society in ground-breaking ways,
\n\u2022 Now the existing legal frameworks and judicial precedents of pre-AI world will need to struggle to effectively govern this rapidly-evolving technology.
\n\u2022 Safe harbour and liability fixation
\n\u2022 One of the most persistent and contentious issues in Internet governance has been the fixing of liability on \u201cintermediaries\u201d for content hosted by them.
\n\u2022 The landmark Shreya Singhal judgment addressed this by upholding Section 79 of the IT Act which grants intermediaries \u2018safe harbour\u2019 protection against hosting content. However, its application to Generative AI tools remains challenging.
\nThe contrasting views:-<\/strong>
\n\u2022 Intermediaries should be responsible
\n\u2022 Intermediaries should not be responsible
\n\u2022 In Christian Louboutin Sas vs Nakul Bajaj and Ors (2018), the Delhi High Court held that safe harbour protection applies solely to \u201cpassive\u201d intermediaries, referring to entities functioning as mere conduits or passive transmitters of information.
\n\u2022 However, in the context of Large Language Models (LLMs), making a distinction between user-generated and platform-generated content is increasingly challenging.
\n\u2022 Additionally, liability in the case of AI chatbots arises once the information is reposted on other platforms by the user;
\n\u2022 Mere\/only response to a user prompt is not considered dissemination.
\n\u2022 Generative AI outputs have already led to legal conflicts in various jurisdictions.
\n\u2022 In June 2023, a radio host in the United States filed a lawsuit against Open AI, alleging that Chat GPT had defamed him.
\n\u2022 The ambiguity in classifying GAI tools, whether as intermediaries, conduits, or active creators, will complicate the ability of courts to assign liability, particularly in user reposts.
\n\u2022 The copyright related problems
\n\u2022 Section 16 of Indian Copyright Act 1957 specifically provides that \u201cno person\u201d shall be entitled to protection of copyright except by the provisions of the Act.
\n\u2022 As in India, reluctance persists regarding the provisions of copyright protection to works generated by AI globally.
\n The critical\/important questions are:-<\/strong>
\n\u2022 should existing copyright provisions be revised to accommodate AI?
\n\u2022 If AI-generated works gain protection, would co-authorship with a human be mandatory?
\n\u2022 Should recognition extend to the user,
\n\u2022 The programme itself, and by extension, the programmer, or both?
\n\u2022 The 161st Parliamentary Standing Committee Report found that the Copyright Act of 1957 is \u201cnot well equipped to facilitate authorship and ownership by Artificial Intelligence\u201d.
\n\u2022 Under current Indian law, a copyright owner can take legal action against anyone who infringes on his\/her work with remedies such as injunctions and damages.
\n\u2022 However, the question of who is responsible for copyright infringement by AI tools remains unclear.
\n\u2022 As previously argued, classifying GAI tools, whether as intermediaries, conduits, or active creators, will complicate the courts\u2019 ability to assign liability.
\n\u2022 ChatGPT\u2019s \u2018Terms of Use\u2019 attempt to shift liability to the user for any illegal output.
\n\u2022 But the enforceability of such terms in India is uncertain.
\n\u2022 The landmark K.S. Puttaswamy judgment (2017) by the Supreme Court of India established a strong foundation for privacy jurisprudence in the country, leading to the enactment of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP).
\n\u2022 While traditional data aggregators or consent managers raise privacy concerns during the collection and distribution of personal information, Generative AI introduces a new layer of complexity.
\n\u2022 The DPDP Act introduces the \u201cright to erasure\u201c as well as \u201cright to be forgotten\u201d.
\n\u2022 However, once a GAI model is trained on a dataset, it cannot truly \u201cunlearn\u201d the information it has already absorbed. This raises a critical question.
\n\u2022 How can individuals exercise control over their personal information when it is woven into the very fabric of a powerful AI model?
\nThe way forward
\n\u2022 First, learning by doing. Consider granting GAI platforms temporary immunity from liability following a sandbox approach. This approach allows responsible development while gathering data to identify legal issues that could inform future laws and regulations. Second, data rights and responsibilities.
\n\u2022 The process of data acquisition for GAI training requires an overhaul. Developers must prioritise legal compliance by ensuring proper licensing and compensation for the intellectual property used in training models. Solutions could include revenue-sharing or licensing agreements with data owners.<\/p>\n

Justice cannot be sold and purchased<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u2022 The High Court, led by Justice Swarana Kanta Sharma, has declared that criminal cases involving allegations of sexual violence cannot be dismissed in exchange for monetary settlements, emphasizing that “justice is not for sale.”
\n\u2022 This decision came after an accused sought to quash an FIR filed by a victim, whom he allegedly sexually assaulted, by paying her a settlement.
\n\u2022 Despite the accused’s claim of a consensual relationship and an amicable settlement, the court highlighted the serious allegations and the need for a trial to ascertain the truth, underscoring the importance of justice over financial agreements.<\/p>\n

PM Modi not attending SCO summit in Astana<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u2022 External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar will represent India at the SCO summit in Kazakhstan, replacing Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
\n\u2022 This decision might disappoint Central Asian nations due to Modi’s previous cancellations of engagements with them.
\n\u2022 The summit, attended by leaders including Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin, and Shehbaz Sharif, will focus on multilateral cooperation in trade, connectivity, and counter-terrorism.
\n\u2022 The meeting will culminate in the adoption of the Astana Declaration, emphasizing economic ties and regional security.<\/p>\n