{"id":2916,"date":"2024-10-04T10:01:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T10:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawentranceindia.com\/blogs\/?p=2916"},"modified":"2024-10-04T10:05:29","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T10:05:29","slug":"mlc-daily-current-affairs-04-october-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lawentranceindia.com\/blogs\/mlc-daily-current-affairs-04-october-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"MLC Daily Current Affairs – 04 October 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today in History (October 4th<\/sup>, 1977)<\/h1>\n

Atal Bihari Vajpayee, External Affairs Minister of India, addressed the UNO General Assembly in Hindi language, this was the first time.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s Revise<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

A) What is BharatGen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. A government-funded multimodal LLM initiative<\/li>\n
  2. A private AI research organization<\/li>\n
  3. A global AI model<\/li>\n
  4. A language translation tool<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Answer: 1)<\/strong>
    \nExplanation:<\/strong> BharatGen is a government-funded multimodal LLM initiative launched by the Ministry of Science & Technology to revolutionize public service delivery and enhance citizen engagement.<\/p>\n

    B) What is the aim of BharatGen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. To develop a global AI model<\/li>\n
    2. To enhance citizen engagement and public service delivery<\/li>\n
    3. To promote private AI research<\/li>\n
    4. To translate languages<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Answer: 2)<\/strong>
      \nExplanation:<\/strong> The aim of BharatGen is to revolutionize public service delivery and enhance citizen engagement by developing foundational models in language, speech, and computer vision.<\/p>\n

      C) Who is implementing BharatGen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. IIT Bombay<\/li>\n
      2. NITI Ayog<\/li>\n
      3. Atal Innovation Centre<\/li>\n
      4. Private AI companies<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Answer: 1)<\/strong>
        \nExplanation:<\/strong> BharatGen is being implemented by IIT Bombay under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).<\/p>\n

        D) What are the key features of BharatGen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Multilingual and multimodal foundation models<\/li>\n
        2. Building and training based on global datasets<\/li>\n
        3. Closed-source platform<\/li>\n
        4. Only for government use<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Answer: 1)<\/strong>
          \nExplanation:<\/strong> The key features of BharatGen include multilingual and multimodal foundation models, building and training based on India-centric datasets, and an open-source platform for fostering AI research and innovation.<\/p>\n

          E) What is the significance of BharatGen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. It will only benefit urban areas<\/li>\n
          2. It will address both text and speech, ensuring representation across India’s diverse linguistic landscape<\/li>\n
          3. It will only be used for private sector applications<\/li>\n
          4. It will not capture nuances of Indian languages<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Answer: 2)<\/strong>
            \nExplanation:<\/strong> BharatGen will address both text and speech, ensuring representation across India’s diverse linguistic landscape, capture nuances of Indian languages, and democratize AI access across government, education, and private sectors.<\/p>\n

            F) What are Large Language Models (LLMs)?<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Small deep learning models<\/li>\n
            2. Very large deep learning models pre-trained on vast amounts of data<\/li>\n
            3. Only for language translation<\/li>\n
            4. Only for speech recognition<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Answer: 2)<\/strong>
              \nExplanation:<\/strong> Large Language Models (LLMs) are very large deep learning models that are pre-trained on vast amounts of data and use machine learning techniques to recognize, interpret, and generate human languages or other complex data.<\/p>\n

              G) What is Generative AI (GenAI)?<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. An AI technology that curates existing web pages<\/li>\n
              2. An AI technology that generates new content<\/li>\n
              3. Only for language translation<\/li>\n
              4. Only for speech recognition<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Answer: 2)<\/strong>
                \nExplanation:<\/strong> Generative AI (GenAI) is an Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology that automatically generates content in response to prompts written in natural language conversational interfaces, producing new content in formats like texts, images, videos, music, and software code.<\/p>\n

                H) What is the expected completion year of BharatGen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. 2024<\/li>\n
                2. 2026<\/li>\n
                3. 2030<\/li>\n
                4. 2022<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Answer: 2)<\/strong>
                  \nExplanation:<\/strong> The project is expected to be completed by 2026, with ongoing research, development, and scaling of AI applications.<\/p>\n

                  I) What is the vision of BharatGen aligned with?<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Atmanirbhar Bharat <\/li>\n
                  2. Global AI model<\/li>\n
                  3. Private AI research <\/li>\n
                  4. Language translation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Answer: 1)<\/strong>
                    \nExplanation:<\/strong> BharatGen aligns with the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat by developing AI models specifically for India, building these technologies domestically, and promoting data sovereignty.<\/p>\n

                    J) What is the benefit of BharatGen for underserved Indian languages?<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. It will only benefit urban areas<\/li>\n
                    2. It will democratize AI access across government, education, and private sectors<\/li>\n
                    3. It will only be used for private sector applications<\/li>\n
                    4. It will not capture nuances of Indian languages<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Answer: 2)<\/strong>
                      \nExplanation:<\/strong> BharatGen will democratize AI access across government, education, and private sectors, ensuring AI benefits all segments of society, particularly underserved Indian languages.<\/p>\n

                      Summary of Today’s News<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                      Prime Minister\u2019s Internship Scheme in Top Companies<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

                      The Union government has launched a portal for India\u2019s top 500 companies to participate in the one-year internship scheme.
                      \n\u2022 The scheme aims to bridge the gap between the skill sets of unemployable youth and those needed by employers.
                      \n\u2022 111 corporates have already signed up, offering 1,077 internships.
                      \n\u2022 The scheme is expected to result in about one lakh youngsters joining the on-the-job training exercise by December 2.
                      \n\u2022 The portal, pminternship.mca.gov.in, will be opened up for youngsters in the age group of 21 to 24 years to enroll for consideration by companies on October 12.
                      \n\u2022 Candidates\u2019 data will be matched with companies\u2019 needs and locations using artificial intelligence tools.
                      \n\u2022 The scheme is not open to
                      \n\u2022 post-graduates,
                      \n\u2022 children of regular and permanent employees in the Union or State governments,
                      \n\u2022 graduates from premier institutes, and professionals with qualifications such as CA, CS, and MBBS.
                      \n\u2022 Internships will be granted to candidates who have passed
                      \n\u2022 high school or higher secondary school,
                      \n\u2022 possess a certificate from an industrial training institute (ITI),
                      \n\u2022 hold a diploma from a polytechnic institute, or are
                      \n\u2022 graduates with degrees such as BA, BCA, BBA, or B.Pharma.
                      \n\u2022 Unemployed youth enrolled in online or distance learning courses are also eligible to apply.
                      \n\u2022 Anyone undergoing any skilling, apprenticeship, internship, or student training programme under a Union or State government scheme will not be allowed to apply.<\/p>\n

                      Caste based discrimination in Indian Prisions<\/strong>
                      \n\u2022 Supreme Court Ruling: The Supreme Court of India declared that caste-based discrimination in prisons violates fundamental human dignity.
                      \n\u2022 Caste Segregation: The court criticized the segregation of work assignments based on caste, labeling it as a form of untouchability and the highest level of discrimination.
                      \n\u2022 Prison Manual Revisions: The court ordered revisions to prison manuals within three months, specifically:
                      \n\u2022 Removal of the \u2018caste column\u2019 from inmate registers.
                      \n\u2022 Elimination of any references to caste.
                      \n\u2022 Treatment of Denotified Tribes: It emphasized that individuals from de-notified tribes should not be treated as \u201chabitual offenders\u201d or subjected to arbitrary arrest.
                      \n\u2022 Constitutional Rights: The Chief Justice highlighted Article 15(1) of the Constitution, which protects against discrimination, stating that state-sanctioned discrimination is unacceptable.
                      \n\u2022 Discrimination Practices: The judgment deemed practices forcing marginalized caste inmates into menial tasks based on caste as coercive and unconstitutional.
                      \n\u2022 Prohibition of Manual Scavenging: The court reinforced that the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013, applies within prisons.
                      \n\u2022 Government Action Required: The Union government was directed to implement necessary changes to combat caste-based discrimination in the 2016 Manual and the 2023 Act within three months.<\/p>\n

                      Marital Relations must be exempted from rape provisions, Union Government submits to SC<\/strong>
                      \n\u2022 Government’s Stance: The Centre told the Supreme Court that criminalizing non-consensual sex within marriage as rape could disrupt marital relationships.
                      \n\u2022 Definition of Marriage: The government argued that the marital relationship is unique and should be treated differently from merely men-women relationship.
                      \n\u2022 Current Legal Framework: The response was in relation to petitions challenging Exception 2 of Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), which exempts husbands from being charged with rape for non-consensual intercourse with wives over 15.
                      \n\u2022 Expectation of Sexual Access: The government claimed there exists an expectation of reasonable sexual access between spouses, which justifies a legal distinction between marital and non-marital non-consensual acts.
                      \n\u2022 Concern About Penal Rigors: The Centre expressed that applying rape laws to marriage could be excessively harsh and disproportionate.
                      \n\u2022 Consent and Penal Consequences: While the government acknowledged that marriage does not negate a woman’s consent, it argued that there are alternative legal provisions to protect consent within marriage.
                      \n\u2022 Future Legislation Considerations: Any future law addressing this issue would need to balance the protection of a woman’s consent against the rights of a husband, potentially complicating legal frameworks.<\/p>\n